They privatized it
Good luck selling that to Californians.
@13:50
"The fact that Japans economy was in a boon throughout much of the period post privatization so there was plenty of demand for rail travel."
those private rail companies also have realestate ventures to bring in more money. one of the private companies get 20% of it's revenue from it's real-estate business.
pretty sure the japan rail is heavily regulated too.
@18:40
the narrator doesn't attribute japans rail success to the fact that they were privatized.