Harvard Sued By Descendant of U.S. Slave Photographed in 19th Century

xoxodede

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a law suit is not reparations but ok

Who Should Own Photos of Slaves? The Descendants, not Harvard, a Lawsuit Says

The case renews focus on the role that the country’s oldest universities played in slavery, and also comes amid a growing debate over whether the descendants of the enslaved are entitled to reparations — and what those reparations might look like.

“It is unprecedented in terms of legal theory and reclaiming property that was wrongfully taken,” Benjamin Crump, one of Ms. Lanier’s lawyers, said. “Renty’s descendants may be the first descendants of slave ancestors to be able to get their property rights.”

Jonathan Swain, a spokesman for Harvard, declined to comment on the lawsuit.

Universities in recent years have acknowledged and expressed contrition for their ties to slavery. Harvard Law School abandoned an 80-year-old shield based on the crest of a slaveholding family that helped endow the institution. Georgetown University decided to give an advantage in admissions to descendants of enslaved people who were sold to fund the school.

A series of federal laws has also compelled museums to repatriate human remains and sacred objects to Native American tribes.

The lawsuit says the images are the “spoils of theft,” because as slaves Renty and Delia were unable to give consent. It says that the university is illegally profiting from the images by using them for “advertising and commercial purposes,” such as by using Renty’s image on the cover a $40 anthropology book. And it argues that by holding on to the images, Harvard has perpetuated the hallmarks of slavery that prevented African-Americans from holding, conveying or inheriting personal property.

“I keep thinking, tongue in cheek a little bit, this has been 169 years a slave, and Harvard still won’t free Papa Renty,” said Mr. Crump, who in 2012 represented the family of Trayvon Martin, an unarmed black teenager killed by a community watch member in Florida. Ms. Lanier is also represented by Josh Koskoff, a lawyer who represents families of the Sandy Hook elementary school massacre victims.
 

Ya' Cousin Cleon

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so basically ADOS is gonna piggyback off of other people's shyt, like they did with the fight for reparations

didnt say it was. just saying stuff like this is always told by us that its "impossible"

and events like these are showing that us fighting for whats owed is not "impossible" and very much in reach
 

xoxodede

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so basically ADOS is gonna piggyback off of other people's shyt, like they did with the fight for reparations

Huh? Reparations has been something we have been fighting for since emancipation. We were the first to demand.

If anything, they are picking up the baton -- and where they left off.

slave-pension-broadside-l.jpg


No Pensions for Ex-Slaves
 

xoxodede

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My Face Is Black Is True: Callie House and the Struggle for Ex-Slave Reparations

51MmjY4RSOL._SX322_BO1,204,203,200_.jpg



Acclaimed historian Mary Frances Berry resurrects the remarkable story of ex-slave Callie House who, seventy years before the civil-rights movement, demanded reparations for ex-slaves. A widowed Nashville washerwoman and mother of five, House (1861-1928) went on to fight for African American pensions based on those offered to Union soldiers, brilliantly targeting $68 million in taxes on seized rebel cotton and demanding it as repayment for centuries of unpaid labor. Here is the fascinating story of a forgotten civil rights crusader: a woman who emerges as a courageous pioneering activist, a forerunner of Malcolm X and Martin Luther King, Jr.
 

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xoxodede

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190320153656-renty-and-delia-exlarge-169.jpg



Yesterday, March 19, Tamara Lanier, an American descendant of slaves, filed a lawsuit in Massachusetts to obtain rights to two widely-known daguerreotypes stored at Harvard’s Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology. The images in question depict two slaves, a father and daughter, photographed as part of a racist study commissioned by a Harvard professor, Louis Agassiz, in 1850, intended to document and prove the inferiority of Black people under the false theory of polygenism — the idea that Black and white people hail from different ancestors and gene pools. The images are thought to be some of the oldest existing photographs of slaves.

Lanier says she is a direct descendant of the pair, whose names are Renty and Delia, and that her family holds the claim over their images, not Harvard. She fondly refers to her great-great-grandfather as “Papa Renty,” and says she grew up hearing stories of his public service and self-education after he was taken from Africa.

“For years, Papa Renty’s slave owners profited from his suffering,” Lanier said in a statement. “It’s time for Harvard to stop doing the same thing to our family.”

Lanier, a retired chief probation officer for the State of Connecticut and chairwoman of the state NAACP’s Criminal Justice Committee, is requesting a jury trial and unspecified punitive and emotional damages.

She has been arguing on behalf of her ancestors since the start of the decade when she first made the connection between her “Papa Renty” and the images at Harvard. In 2011, she told Connecticut newspaper The Day, “I was shocked when I saw the pictures-how piercingly painful it was — you can see the burdens of slavery in their eyes, and posturing. But a lot was familiar about those pictures. There was a striking family resemblance.”

She continued, “I’ve looked at horrible pictures of slavery before, but not when it was an ancestor, and I certainly view it differently. It’s very personal and brings you back to what they must have felt and were going through — what it must have felt like to be asked to disrobe and be photographed in the nude.”

Lanier is perturbed by the university’s continued ability to profit off of Renty and Delia’s images, which she considers family history.

The images were left forgotten for decades but were discovered in an unused storage cabinet in the Peabody Museum’s attic in 1976. The images were used on the cover of a $40 book on anthropology and photography published by Harvard. They were also used on the cover of a program for a 2017 conference at Harvard about academia’s relationship to slavery, which Lanier and her daughter attended. They say they were offended that participants were made to speak under a huge projection of Renty’s face. Reproductions of Renty and Delia’s likenesses are also currently on display on campus in an exhibit called Slavery in the Hands of Harvard. The university has not yet responded to Hyperallergic’s request for comment.

Carrie Mae Weems used images commissioned by Agassiz in her poetic, emotional series about ethnography and exploitation called From Here I Saw What Happened and I Cried (1995-96), inspired by her emotional connection with Delia’s image while perusing the Peabody’s archives. The university then threatened to sue Weems.

“I thought, Harvard’s going to sue me for using these images of Black people in their collection. The richest university in the world,” she mused, confused and distraught. “I think that I don’t have really a legal case, but maybe I have a moral case that [should] be … carr[ied] out in public. I think that your suing me would be a really good thing. You should. And we should have this conversation in court.”

Instead of pursuing action, Harvard settled to receive a fee for each sale of the works, and then administrators purchased the images for its art museum — a move which Weems called confusing.

Benjamin Crump, one of Lanier’s lawyers, calls the case “unprecedented in terms of legal theory and reclaiming property that was wrongfully taken. Renty’s descendants may be the first descendants of slave ancestors to be able to get their property rights.” In 2012, Crump represented the family of Trayvon Martin, an unarmed Black teenager murdered by George Zimmerman while walking home.

The lawsuit identifies the images as “spoils of theft,” as the images were captured without consent and with deeply troubling intentions.

“That photograph is like a hostage photograph,” Ta-Nehisi Coates, a vocal proponent for reparations, told the New York Times. “This is an enslaved black man with no choice being forced to participate in white supremacist propaganda — that’s what that photograph was taken for.”

A number of experts expressed to the NYT that they believe Lanier’s case may not hold up in court. Intellectual property lawyer Rick Kurnit says he believes she will have a difficult time proving ownership over the images, referencing the infamous “V-J Day in Times Square,” which belonged to the photographer rather than the sailor or the nurse who are kissing in the image. However, the NYT notes, the “V-J” image was taken in a public space.

Gregg Hecimovich, chairman of the English department at Furman University, believes Lanier’s claim to ancestral history is shaky, but Molly Rogers, the author of a book called Delia’s Tears, posits, “It’s not necessarily by blood. It could be people who take responsibility for each other. Terms, names, family relationships are very much complicated by the fact of slavery.”

Lanier’s suit claims that “by contesting Ms. Lanier’s claim of lineage, Harvard is shamelessly capitalizing on the intentional damage done to black Americans’ genealogy by a century’s worth of policies that forcibly separated families, erased slaves’ family names, withheld birth and death records, and criminalized literacy.”

“How ironic it is to know that the black African chosen by a scientist to be the symbol of ignorance and racial inferiority was truly an educated and self-taught man,” Lanier told The Day. According to her family’s verbal history, Renty taught himself to read, and taught other slaves using a book called the Blue Back Webster. “My goal is to correct history and to share with all that … Renty was an educated and exceptional person.”

“Papa Renty was a proud and kind man who, like so many enslaved men, women, and children endured years of unimaginable horrors,” Lanier told the Boston Globe. “Harvard’s refusal to honor our family’s history by acknowledging our lineage and its own shameful past is an insult to Papa Renty’s life and memory.”

Lanier does not yet know her exact intentions for the images if she is to win her case, and tells the NYT she would have to have a family meeting about it, but does not rule out licensing the images.

Descendant of Slaves Sues Harvard for Rights to Daguerreotypes of Her Ancestors
 

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05/28/25

BOSTON -- Harvard University will relinquish 175-year-old photographs believed to be the earliest taken of enslaved people to a South Carolina museum devoted to African American history as part of a settlement with one of the subjects' descendants.

The photos of the subjects identified by Tamara Lanier as her great-great-great-grandfather Renty, whom she calls “Papa Renty," and his daughter Delia will be transferred from the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology to the International African American Museum in South Carolina, the state where they were enslaved in 1850 when the photos were taken, a lawyer for Lanier said Wednesday.

The settlement marks the end of a 15-year battle between Lanier and the nation’s most elite university to release the 19th-century “daguerreotypes," a precursor to modern-day photographs. Lanier’s attorney Joshua Koskoff told The Associated Press that the resolution is an “unprecedented” victory for descendants of those enslaved in the U.S. and praised his client's yearslong determination in pursuing justice for her ancestors.

I have been at odds with Harvard over the custody and care of my enslaved ancestors, and now I can rest assured that my enslaved ancestors will be traveling to a new home,” Ms. Lanier said in an interview. “They will be returning to their home state where this all began, and they will be placed in an institution that can celebrate their humanity.”

In a statement Wednesday, CEO of the International African American Museum Dr. Tonya M. Matthews called Harvard's relinquishing of the images a moment "175 years in the making.”

“The bravery, tenacity, and grace shown by Ms. Lanier throughout the long and arduous process of returning these critical pieces of Renty and Delia’s story to South Carolina is a model for us all,” she said.

The South Carolina museum has committed to working with Lanier and including her in decisions about how the story of the images will be told.

“It's not an improvement just to move them from one closet in a mighty institution to another. And so really, the real importance of this is to allow these images to breathe, to allow the story — the full story — to be told not by a conflicted player in the story, which Harvard was from the beginning,” Koskoff said.


The attorney said “everybody has the right to tell the story of their own families.”

"That’s the least, most basic right we might have," he said. “To be able to tell the story of her family with a museum that will allow her to tell it — I mean, you can’t do any better than that."

In Lanier's lawsuit, she asked for Harvard to acknowledge its complicity in slavery, listen to Lanier’s oral family history and pay an unspecified sum in damages. An undisclosed financial settlement was part of the resolution with Harvard announced Wednesday, but Koskoff said Harvard still hasn't publicly acknowledged Lanier's connection to them or its connection to perpetuating slavery in the U.S., Koskoff said.

“That is just left unanswered by Harvard,” he said.

He said Lanier isn't expecting or waiting to hear from the institution, but that the settlement speaks for itself.


“In the end, the truth will find you — you can you can only hide from it for so long," he said. "Yes, history is written by the winners. But over time, you know, those winners look like losers sometimes.”
 
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