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Superstar
'Disillusioning'
In a 1,300-word testimony, published ahead of his appearance in the House of Representatives, Phelps wrote: "Throughout my career, I have thought that some athletes were cheating and in some cases those suspicions were confirmed.
"Given all the testing I and others have been through, I have a hard time understanding this.
Rio 2016: Moments of the Games -- from track to pool 01:50
"I can't adequately describe how frustrating it is to see another athlete break through performance barriers in unrealistic timeframes, knowing what I had to go through to do it.
"I watched how this affected my teammates too. Even the suspicion of doping is disillusioning for clean athletes."
Phelps said he was tested "almost every day" at Rio 2016, but questioned: "Are there people going through the same as I do?"
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Phelps was one of five witnesses called to testify before the House Energy and Commerce Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations.
He was joined by Adam Nelson, 2004 Olympic shot put champion, US Anti-Doping Agency chief executive Travis Tygart, Dr Richard Budgett -- the International Olympic Committee's medical and scientific director -- and Rob Koehler, World Anti-Doping Agency deputy director general.
Michael Phelps 'never competed against clean field' - CNN.com
"No swimmers competed cleanly other than me and my teammates, guys
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