When nikkahs on the Coli Start Talking Black Race and Genetics
- Thread starter HopeKillCure
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never change coliBe dumb brehs.....
Interestingly, both autosomal and X-linked sequence data show higher DNA variation within Africans than between Africans and Eurasians (Table 2), contrary to the general observation of lower within-population than between-population differences in population genetics. This finding implies that Africans differ on average more among themselves than from Eurasians. Thus, with the exception of many minor unique variants, the nucleotide diversity in Eurasians is essentially a subset of that in Africans, as suggested by the observation that both Y-linked and autosomal haplotypes found outside of Africa were often a subset of the collection of haplotypes found in Africa (Armouret al. 1996; Tishkoff et al. 1996, 2000; Hammeret al. 1997; Underhillet al. 2000). Our finding is more in agreement with the out of Africa model of human evolution than with the multiregional model because it is consistent with the view that modern humans originated in Africa and that a smaller subset of this population later migrated to other parts of the world (see Stonekinget al. 1997 and references therein). During and after the migration some variants would have been lost and, as the separation time is still short, non-Africans have not yet acquired many high-frequency variants, though they might have derived some variants from indigenous archaic populations in Asia and Europe. For these reasons, the genetic differences between non-Africans and Africans are on average smaller than the genetic differences within Africans.
Larger Genetic Differences Within Africans Than Between Africans and Eurasians
It explains why the further away from Africa you go, the less genetically diverse populations are; it means that two Africans might have less in common – genetically – than an African and a European.
Does Africa's rich genetic diversity explain dominance of elite African runners? | Genetic Literacy Project
African and African American populations, with the exception of the Dogon of Mali, show the highest levels of within-population genetic diversity (θ = 4Neμ, where θ is the level of genetic diversity based on variance of microsatellite allele length, Ne is the effective population size, and μ is the microsatellite mutation rate) (figs. S2 and S3). In addition, genetic diversity declines with distance from Africa (fig. S2, A to C), consistent with proposed serial founder effects resulting from the migration of modern humans out of Africa and across the globe (9, 11–13). Within Africa, genetic diversity estimated from expected heterozygosity significantly correlates with estimates from microsatellite variance (fig. S4) (4) and varies by linguistic, geographic, and subsistence classifications (fig. S5). Three hunter-gatherer populations (Baka Pygmies, Bakola Pygmies, and San) were among the five populations with the highest levels of genetic diversity based on variance estimates (fig. S2A) (4). In addition, more private alleles exist in Africa than in other regions (fig. S6A). Consistent with bidirectional gene flow (14), African and Middle Eastern populations shared the greatest number of alleles absent from all other populations (fig. S6B). Within Africa, the most private alleles were in southern Africa, reflecting those in southern African Khoesan (SAK) San and !Xun/Khwe populations (fig. S6C) (12). Eastern and Saharan Africans shared the most alleles absent from other African populations examined (fig. S6D).
The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans
The real problem this question faces is that there is a substantial degree of genetic diversity with african indigenous populations such that some African populations are genetically closer to European groups than to each other, simply because it is the oldest continent. That is, OOA migrants are often genetically closer to non-africans (Whites, yellows, reds, greens, etc) than other africans. Thus you have substantial portions of Nigerians who are classed as r1b which is genetically dominant in western europe. So genetically you have Nigerians closer to Englishmen than Englishmen are to even Finns or Norwegians (Scandinavians are I1 haplogroup).
https://www.quora.com/Genetically-speaking-are-Asians-closer-to-Blacks-or-Caucasians
Let me know if I need to drop more links
Interestingly, both autosomal and X-linked sequence data show higher DNA variation within Africans than between Africans and Eurasians (Table 2), contrary to the general observation of lower within-population than between-population differences in population genetics. This finding implies that Africans differ on average more among themselves than from Eurasians. Thus, with the exception of many minor unique variants, the nucleotide diversity in Eurasians is essentially a subset of that in Africans, as suggested by the observation that both Y-linked and autosomal haplotypes found outside of Africa were often a subset of the collection of haplotypes found in Africa (Armouret al. 1996; Tishkoff et al. 1996, 2000; Hammeret al. 1997; Underhillet al. 2000). Our finding is more in agreement with the out of Africa model of human evolution than with the multiregional model because it is consistent with the view that modern humans originated in Africa and that a smaller subset of this population later migrated to other parts of the world (see Stonekinget al. 1997 and references therein). During and after the migration some variants would have been lost and, as the separation time is still short, non-Africans have not yet acquired many high-frequency variants, though they might have derived some variants from indigenous archaic populations in Asia and Europe. For these reasons, the genetic differences between non-Africans and Africans are on average smaller than the genetic differences within Africans.
Larger Genetic Differences Within Africans Than Between Africans and Eurasians
It explains why the further away from Africa you go, the less genetically diverse populations are; it means that two Africans might have less in common – genetically – than an African and a European.
Does Africa's rich genetic diversity explain dominance of elite African runners? | Genetic Literacy Project
African and African American populations, with the exception of the Dogon of Mali, show the highest levels of within-population genetic diversity (θ = 4Neμ, where θ is the level of genetic diversity based on variance of microsatellite allele length, Ne is the effective population size, and μ is the microsatellite mutation rate) (figs. S2 and S3). In addition, genetic diversity declines with distance from Africa (fig. S2, A to C), consistent with proposed serial founder effects resulting from the migration of modern humans out of Africa and across the globe (9, 11–13). Within Africa, genetic diversity estimated from expected heterozygosity significantly correlates with estimates from microsatellite variance (fig. S4) (4) and varies by linguistic, geographic, and subsistence classifications (fig. S5). Three hunter-gatherer populations (Baka Pygmies, Bakola Pygmies, and San) were among the five populations with the highest levels of genetic diversity based on variance estimates (fig. S2A) (4). In addition, more private alleles exist in Africa than in other regions (fig. S6A). Consistent with bidirectional gene flow (14), African and Middle Eastern populations shared the greatest number of alleles absent from all other populations (fig. S6B). Within Africa, the most private alleles were in southern Africa, reflecting those in southern African Khoesan (SAK) San and !Xun/Khwe populations (fig. S6C) (12). Eastern and Saharan Africans shared the most alleles absent from other African populations examined (fig. S6D).
The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans
The real problem this question faces is that there is a substantial degree of genetic diversity with african indigenous populations such that some African populations are genetically closer to European groups than to each other, simply because it is the oldest continent. That is, OOA migrants are often genetically closer to non-africans (Whites, yellows, reds, greens, etc) than other africans. Thus you have substantial portions of Nigerians who are classed as r1b which is genetically dominant in western europe. So genetically you have Nigerians closer to Englishmen than Englishmen are to even Finns or Norwegians (Scandinavians are I1 haplogroup).
https://www.quora.com/Genetically-speaking-are-Asians-closer-to-Blacks-or-Caucasians
Let me know if I need to drop more links
They really finnessing the hell out of black people with these DNA ancestry test that don't mean shyt
Part of the legacy of slavery.
I don't blame the people who take these tests, Its not their fault their entire family tree got fukked by these cacs
The subjects for most of the genetic results that I posted were continental africans.
I wasn't referring to anything you stated.
Just commenting on the whole "find your ancestry" craze.
They really finnessing the hell out of black people with these DNA ancestry test that don't mean shyt
they don't mean shyt based off what?
HopeKillCure
Banned
Be dumb brehs.....
Interestingly, both autosomal and X-linked sequence data show higher DNA variation within Africans than between Africans and Eurasians (Table 2), contrary to the general observation of lower within-population than between-population differences in population genetics. This finding implies that Africans differ on average more among themselves than from Eurasians. Thus, with the exception of many minor unique variants, the nucleotide diversity in Eurasians is essentially a subset of that in Africans, as suggested by the observation that both Y-linked and autosomal haplotypes found outside of Africa were often a subset of the collection of haplotypes found in Africa (Armouret al. 1996; Tishkoff et al. 1996, 2000; Hammeret al. 1997; Underhillet al. 2000). Our finding is more in agreement with the out of Africa model of human evolution than with the multiregional model because it is consistent with the view that modern humans originated in Africa and that a smaller subset of this population later migrated to other parts of the world (see Stonekinget al. 1997 and references therein). During and after the migration some variants would have been lost and, as the separation time is still short, non-Africans have not yet acquired many high-frequency variants, though they might have derived some variants from indigenous archaic populations in Asia and Europe. For these reasons, the genetic differences between non-Africans and Africans are on average smaller than the genetic differences within Africans.
Larger Genetic Differences Within Africans Than Between Africans and Eurasians
It explains why the further away from Africa you go, the less genetically diverse populations are; it means that two Africans might have less in common – genetically – than an African and a European.
Does Africa's rich genetic diversity explain dominance of elite African runners? | Genetic Literacy Project
African and African American populations, with the exception of the Dogon of Mali, show the highest levels of within-population genetic diversity (θ = 4Neμ, where θ is the level of genetic diversity based on variance of microsatellite allele length, Ne is the effective population size, and μ is the microsatellite mutation rate) (figs. S2 and S3). In addition, genetic diversity declines with distance from Africa (fig. S2, A to C), consistent with proposed serial founder effects resulting from the migration of modern humans out of Africa and across the globe (9, 11–13). Within Africa, genetic diversity estimated from expected heterozygosity significantly correlates with estimates from microsatellite variance (fig. S4) (4) and varies by linguistic, geographic, and subsistence classifications (fig. S5). Three hunter-gatherer populations (Baka Pygmies, Bakola Pygmies, and San) were among the five populations with the highest levels of genetic diversity based on variance estimates (fig. S2A) (4). In addition, more private alleles exist in Africa than in other regions (fig. S6A). Consistent with bidirectional gene flow (14), African and Middle Eastern populations shared the greatest number of alleles absent from all other populations (fig. S6B). Within Africa, the most private alleles were in southern Africa, reflecting those in southern African Khoesan (SAK) San and !Xun/Khwe populations (fig. S6C) (12). Eastern and Saharan Africans shared the most alleles absent from other African populations examined (fig. S6D).
The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans
The real problem this question faces is that there is a substantial degree of genetic diversity with african indigenous populations such that some African populations are genetically closer to European groups than to each other, simply because it is the oldest continent. That is, OOA migrants are often genetically closer to non-africans (Whites, yellows, reds, greens, etc) than other africans. Thus you have substantial portions of Nigerians who are classed as r1b which is genetically dominant in western europe. So genetically you have Nigerians closer to Englishmen than Englishmen are to even Finns or Norwegians (Scandinavians are I1 haplogroup).
https://www.quora.com/Genetically-speaking-are-Asians-closer-to-Blacks-or-Caucasians
Let me know if I need to drop more links
HopeKillCure
Banned
Hey. If you are white, then you white.
Do your thing white men.
Do your thing white men.
"The problem is that DNA snippets, or markers, are inconsistent. Sometimes they are passed on and sometimes they are not, and whether they are or aren’t is random. Sure, a large percentage of Native Americans may share certain genetic markers. But many Native Americans may lack the same marker, and many non–Native Americans may carry it by coincidence.
So when a DNA test comes back saying you are 28 percent Finnish, all it’s really saying is that of the DNA analyzed (most companies don’t analyze all of your DNA), 28 percent of it was most similar to that of a completely Finnish person. In the end, these comparisons are a fun but ultimately unreliable way to think about the possibilities of whom your ancestors might have been, rather than definitive proof of your ethnic background."
"But here’s the thing: DNA testing cannot definitively prove whether a person is Cherokee. Or a member of any community, at least not reliably. To assume it can is to assume that there’s something inherently different in the genetic makeup of tribal members and that this thing is universal within that community. That’s not true.
Our genes dictate certain things about us—there’s a gene that programs the color of your eyes, for example. But ethnicity is not a trait derived from a single gene, because ethnicity is mostly our perception of a collection of traits, rather than a trait itself. So a genetic test that looks at our genes and comes back with an assessment of our ethnic roots isn’t honing in on a specific gene and reading what it says because there’s no such gene to read. Instead, the test is comparing snippets of our DNA to snippets of DNA of people of known origin and looking for similarities."
When all people come from black people these test don't mean shyt to me,especially taking into account migration and mixing. At best its just proof that the black man is the original man,and europeans were outcasted and came about through albino inbreeding.
HopeKillCure
Banned
what he saying is kinda right.
He wrong over here, I ain't got nothing to do with cacs, but maybe he right about some nikkahs
Maybe some nikkahs are just dark white
Off the Onion
No tolerance for the fatherless
This is what all these test are basically saying.
From one of the links I posted...
Our finding is more in agreement with the out of Africa model of human evolution than with the multiregional model because it is consistent with the view that modern humans originated in Africa and that a smaller subset of this population later migrated to other parts of the world (see Stonekinget al. 1997 and references therein).
Africa has the most diversity because it is the oldest. The farther you get out of Africa, the less diverse genomic populations are.
Take It In Blood
Banned
i never used the word "obtuse" a day in my life