The main thing for all programming languages, the tools of logic it uses:
variables and basic data structures like arrays/lists, objects/dictionaries/hashmaps
functions
conditionals
loops/iteration
I think the basics/concepts can be learned in a week or two. The toughest part during that time will be getting used to what code looks like and identifying what's what in the code.
However, to actually use and be comfortable with them? fukk no, it takes some time to get comfortable and fluent using them.
If your employer knows it's employees do not have experience coding it's dumb af to think they can pick it up that quickly.
If they expect you to, then I'd consider looking for a new job because who else knows what they'll ask for if they're that naive or
stay around and ask for an enormous raise - people who write Python get $100k+ their first year.
If you got to read other people's code and work with them, your company is setting up to have a codebase be a big ass mess and they gonna have to hire a bunch of expensive, experienced software engineers to refactor it
This however can be an incredible opportunity though. By all means you can write Python at your work and when you get comfortable with it you can literally write on your resume that you have professional experience coding with Python which may help get your foot in the door to a full-time software engineering job.