Mental Illness: Societal, Genetic, Both or Neither

NkrumahWasRight Is Wrong

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I saw that there was a thread in December about mental illness that didn't get too far off the ground, so I thought that starting another one might be a decent option.

Is mental illness something societal or genetic?

Is it based on your life experiences which push you in a certain direction decision after decision you make, or is it a genetic problem that causes decisions to be irregular and cause reactions in the brain that are not "normal"?

Is it a mixture of both, one or the other or is it neither?

From a personal standpoint, I have gone through a lot of trauma in my life, and was not diagnosed with any mental illness until very recently, when I started getting terrible anxiety, some paranoia and panic attacks. My parents are a bit strange but they haven't been diagnosed with anything (perhaps they haven't had the proper chance to be diagnosed with something), so based on that, I would say it is societal, and based on the decisions you make, with your conscious and subconscious working in tandem to alter your decision making process. Traumatic life experiences without proper therapy or the proper coping mechanisms lead to the dysfunction of your brains schemata and eventually, you can fukk it up enough to cause permanent issues. I smoked for quite a long time as well, always mixing my tobacco with my weed, and have quit, but the symptoms have persisted and have gotten worse since then. So who knows.

On the other hand, it could be genetic. Using me as an example again, my parents had me at around age 40, and maybe, it just wasn't meant to be that I was to come out "right" mentally, and the late onset of illness has been exacerbated by me putting myself in a position to trigger such illnesses, rather then them simply being a product of decision making and societal, day to day pressures. I went through high school primarily fine, as well as my first year of college, but after that point, I began to put myself in harm's way more, and maybe I fukked myself up after being predisposed to it genetically? (The drinking, the smoking, the drama, etc). I suppose that could be in favor of societal pressures as well, as when shyt got crazy in my life, I just slowly broke down over it mentally.

Or is it something else entirely? Are there some of you out there who think mental illness in general is a sham? Talk to me, especially psychology heads...
 

NkrumahWasRight Is Wrong

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In a recent editorial in the British Journal of General Practice, Professor Christopher Dowrick argues that depression could be a western culture-bound syndrome, rather than a universal disorder. In support of his case, Prof Dowrick notes the lack of consensus in psychiatry over what even constitutes depression: the endless shifting of diagnostic goalposts.


He points out that there is no discrete genetic variation known to cause depression. Rather, there is genetic overlap across a range of mental illness, including depressive disorder, autism and schizophrenia.


Prof Dowrick's point is that as China and India become politically dominant, spreading different concepts of what constitutes mental illness, we will have to be more sceptical of our cherished diagnostic categories. "In western anglophone societies we have developed an ethic of happiness, in which aberrations … are assumed to indicate illness," he writes.
From : Are mental illnesses such as PMS and depression culturally determined? | Corrinne Burns | Science | guardian.co.uk

Some talk on predisposition and genetics:

What are the causes of mental illness? Are they environmental, genetic, or both? Genetic connections with mental illness are the subject of great study today and nearly every major mental illness has been identified with a gene(s). This would include anxiety, depression, ADHD, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia. See the Article List under the Mental Health Articles tab of this website to read some of these studies about the genetic connections of mental illness. A genetic predisposition to a particular mental illness does not entail a certain prognosis, I hear this question and concern quite often. Just because one is genetically predisposed to depression or another mental illness, one may still avoid the manifestation of the illness in their life. This would be accomplished by avoiding the environmental factors (stressors) that would bring about this illness and also by eating a healthy diet, exercising regularly, and keeping a positive attitude. If you have depression in your family, it is best to acknowledge the genetics involved, and take precautions to avoid a depressive episode. Keep a cautiously optimistic attitude that you will live free of depression or another mental illness. Again a family history of mental illness increases the risk but does not entail with certainty that you will develop a mental illness. Some studies have even demonstrated that it is possible to prevent schizophrenia if one avoids the psycho-social stress, cannabis use, and other environmental and dietary issues that might be responsible for the manifestation of this illness. There are currently no bio-markets for mental illness as of 2012, yet even it there were, they wouldn’t reveal any more than a psychiatric evaluation. If mental illness should become curable in the future through genetic engineering or some other means, then these bio-markers will be more beneficial.

Epigenetics, from the same source

The study of the genetic connection with mental illness has given rise to a field of study known as epigenetics. I personally believe that environment and genetics are inextricably linked together with regards to the causes of mental illness. There has been much debate between those who believe that mental illness is grounded in genetics and those that believe that it is grounded in environmental issues. Ultimately the cause of mental illness is the body’s inability to produce or regulate the neuro-transmitters or chemical in the brain, these irregularities are caused for a variety of reasons. Some are directly caused by genetics, some are directly caused by environmental factors, and some are indirectly caused by environmental factors. Mental illness is no different than any other physiological or bodily illness; in the case of mental illness, the organ that is not functioning is the brain. In the case with diabetes, the organ not functioning is the pancreas. I hope this understanding helps in destigmatizing mental illness because nearly 50% of those with mental illnesses will postpone treatment for up to 11 years due to the stigma attached to these disorders.

Genetic Mental Illnesses | DNA and Mental Illness | Psychiatrist in Scottsdale
 

NkrumahWasRight Is Wrong

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Pazzy

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you put someone with a genetic disposition towards something and put them in an environment which allows it to come out such as a stressful situation, then it will come out.
 
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