In early
Modern Hebrew usage, the term
Cushi was used as an unmarked referent to a dark-skinned or
red-haired person, without derogatory implications.
[2] For example, it is the nickname, or term of endearment, of the Israeli commando of Yemenite extraction, Shimon "Kushi" Rimon (b. 1939).
[3][4][5] When
William Shakespeare's
Othello was first translated to Hebrew in 1874 by
Isaac Salkinsohn, the hero of the play was named
Ithiel the Cushyte (איתיאל הכושי).
[6]
In contemporary usage, the term can be regarded as an ethnic slur depending on context. Though it has been compared to usage of the term
****** in the United States, this is not an accurate comparison.
[1][7][8] Ethiopian migrants to Israel began identifying the term as a slur in the 1990s, at which point most Israelis stopped referring to Ethiopians with the term[
citation needed] . However, cushi continued to be used in reference to non-Ethiopian people of African descent. This usage is generally non-derogatory; both Israelis in general and Ethopian migrants in particular use the term in this non-derogatory manner.
[1] Whether a particular use of the term is derogatory can also be determined in part based on emphasis.
If the first syllable is emphasized (CU-shi), then the usage is more likely derogatory. If the second is emphasized (cu-SHI), then it is less likely to be negative.
[7] As the negative uses of the term have become more widely recognized, the general use of the term has decreased.
In 2016,
Hasidic singer Mordechai Ben David attracted controversy after a video taken at his December 28 concert in Jerusalem, wherein he referred to US President Barack Obama as a kushi, was circulated online
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