A "blackout" or "brownout" caused by alcohol is when consumption triggers permanent memory loss.
The scary part about this is you will not appear "drunk" to others.
You can talk, move, answer questions, and act on your own free will.
No one will know that you're in distress.
Once your system has detoxified, usually the next day, you find that a chunk of your memory is missing.
You'll remember when you started drinking but nothing after that.
A brown out will leave some hazy or distorted memories, but a blackout leaves none.
Those memories never come back.
Blackouts should be explained to young people because while blackouts are dangerous enough to the person experiencing them, other people can be negatively affected.
The most common slippery slope with blackouts is sex.
People who are having blackouts can and will consent to sex, verbally and physically.
They may sometimes initiate sexual activity with another person.
Because the person having the blackout is lucid and an active participant, the other person thinks everything is fine.
The problem is when the person who blacked out becomes aware that they had sex with someone but doesn't remember the act or consenting to it.
The courts still haven't made up their minds on this universally and deal with it on a case by case basis.
I have never blacked out while drinking but I was kicking it with someone who blacked out.
When I realized what happened, I was scared den a motherfukker.
I always look out for that shyt since then.
Check it out:
5 Myths We Need to Stop Believing About Alcohol Blackouts
1. Your lost memories will come back eventually.
They won’t. Ever. During a blackout, an entire section of the brain (the hippocampus, which is responsible for long-term memories) experiences a neurophysiological, chemical disruption and completely shuts down. “Alcohol reduces the amount of information that makes it to the hippocampus and shuts down neurons in the hippocampus that make memories,” Aaron White, Ph.D., senior scientific advisor to the NIAAA director and one of the country’s leading experts on blackouts, tells SELF. “This creates a temporary void in the record-keeping system.” Memories lost in a blackout will never come back, because the information wasn’t stored in the first place.
Blackouts come in two types, Dr. White says, depending on how severely the hippocampus is impaired. The most common and less severe fragmentary blackout, commonly referred to as a “brownout," gives you fuzzy memories with details missing. You might remember downing a line of shots, but not ordering them at the bar, or arriving home, but not the taxi journey.
The more serious, complete blackouts (called
“en bloc” blackouts) are when the memory is totally disabled. Welcome to my world. I’m not over-dramatizing when I say I’m lucky to be alive. When you wake up safe in your own bed with no recollection of the last 8, 9, 10 hours of your life—that’s scary.
2. Certain types of alcohol are more likely to cause blackouts.
I always used to blame my blackouts on tequila shots. It turns out, expensive wine will do the job just as well. It’s not the kind of booze you drink that causes a blackout, it’s the amount of
alcohol in your blood and how quickly you reach that level, Dr. White explains. Fragmentary blackouts start at a blood-alcohol content around .20 g/dL (that's grams per deciliter of blood), while en bloc blackouts start around .30 g/dL. Speed of drinking is a key factor.
“Normally, if someone drinks slowly, the brain immediately begins adjusting to the alcohol to minimize its effects on brain function,” Dr. White says. “This is called acute tolerance. If someone drinks quickly, the memory circuits have no time to adjust and can get shut down more easily.”
3. Only lightweights black out.
It’s a misconception that people who can’t handle their booze are more likely to black out. “Anyone can black out if they drink enough fast enough, regardless of whether they can ‘hold their liquor,’” Dr. White says. “Because memory circuits don't become very tolerant to alcohol, heavy drinkers who can reach high blood alcohol concentrations and still walk around black out frequently.”
According to Dr. White, other risk factors for blacking out include being female (women are more likely to black out than men, perhaps because women tend to be smaller and have less water in their bodies than men, so each drink causes a greater increase in blood alcohol concentration), and drinking on an empty stomach.
4. You can’t function during a blackout.
Perhaps the most common myth about a blackout is that it involves passing out. This might well happen at some point, but during a blackout the person is often still able to talk and laugh and flirt and sing and dance, and may appear to be in control of all their faculties. However, the next day there will be no memory of those things, so it’s as if they didn’t really happen.
“People appear able to keep information active in short–term memory for at least a few seconds,” Dr. White says. “As a result, they can often carry on conversations, drive automobiles, and engage in other complicated behaviors. However, the process of transferring information from short–term to long–term storage in the brain has been completely blocked.”
5. Blackouts don’t cause any long-term damage.
While blackouts don’t directly cause harm by themselves, drinking to the extent that you black out can have serious consequences. The amount of alcohol consumption needed to produce blackouts impairs balance, motor coordination, decision making and impulse control, Dr. White warns, leading to an increased risk of poor decision-making, injury, and even death.
A
2011 study published in Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research found a link between binge drinking (defined by the
NIAAA as a pattern of drinking that brings blood alcohol concentration levels to .08 g/dL) and a reduced ability to learn new verbal information in healthy college students.
Another
2011 study, published in Drug and Alcohol Dependence, claims that repeated blackout drinking is associated with altered brain development in adolescents.