Mirroring is the behaviour in which one person copies another person usually while in
social interaction with them. It may include miming
gestures, movements,
body language, muscle tensions, expressions, tones,
eye movements, breathing, tempo,
accent,
attitude, choice of words or
metaphors, and other aspects of
communication. It is often observed among couples or close
friends.
Mirroring is common in
conversation. The listeners will typically
smile or
frown along with the speaker. If one person throws in sports metaphors, the other will likely parry along similar ideas. Since people usually accept their mirror image with ease, mirroring the person with whom one is speaking generally makes them feel more relaxed and encourages them to open up.
Within the area of
self psychology, being mirrored refers "to all the transactions characterizing the mother–child relationship, including not only the reflections of
grandiosity, but also constancy, nurturance, a general empathy and respect" (
Kohut, 1977, pp. 146–147).
[1] The parents' mirroring responses influence the development and maintenance of
self-esteem and self-assertive ambitions. Their response will mirror back to the child a sense of worth, which in turn creates an internal self-respect.
[1]