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Southern strategy - Wikipedia
In American politics, the
Southern strategy was a
Republican Party electoral strategy to increase political support among white voters in the
South by appealing to racism against African Americans.
[1][2][3]As the
civil rights movement and dismantling of
Jim Crow laws in the 1950s and 1960s visibly deepened existing racial tensions in much of the Southern United States, Republican politicians such as presidential candidate
Richard Nixon and Senator
Barry Goldwater developed strategies that successfully contributed to the political realignment of many white, conservative voters in the South that had traditionally supported the Democratic Party to the Republican Party.
[4] It also helped push the Republican Party much more to the right.
[4]
In academia, the "Southern strategy" refers primarily to "top down" narratives of the political realignment of the South which suggest that Republican leaders consciously appealed to many white Southerners' racial grievances in order to gain their support.
[5] This top-down narrative of the southern strategy is generally believed to be the primary force that transformed southern politics following the civil rights era.
[6][7] This view has been questioned by historians such as Matthew Lassiter,
Kevin M. Kruse and
Joseph Crespino, who have presented an alternative, "bottom up" narrative, which Lassiter has called the "suburban strategy". This narrative recognizes the centrality of racial backlash to the political realignment of the South,
[8] but suggests that this backlash took the form of a defense of
de factosegregation in the suburbs rather than overt resistance to
racial integration and that the story of this backlash is a national rather than a strictly Southern one.
[9][10][11][12]
