1.
Telecommunications Act of 1996 removing regional sounds and local gatekeepers from the culture and letting in the big corporations full of
mountain climbers who play electric guitar and their wives and mistresses on payroll to uniform hip-hop for mass appeal while slowly taking the integrity out of the music. Can't put Diddy in the top 3 'cause the record labels that benefitted from the '96 Act were already doing that anyway even if it wasn't as blatant as Diddy's shiny suit era. Pete Rock and InI gettin' shelved was the first real casualty and sign for what was to come back in '95. I think 1994 was the last year hip-hop was allowed to be hip-hop for the sake of celebrating Black expression.
2 & 3.
MC Serch linkin' Nas to Columbia Records and the business of hip-hop, hip-hop was different before and after
Illmatic 'cause four producers on the album came from some of the best groups at the time.
I don't think Serch was nefarious gettin' Nas his deal on Columbia, but the effect didn't do hip-hop favors after '95.
Illmatic was a paradigm shift not only for the culture of hip-hop but the business model for hip-hop. Although
Illmatic is a great album, I think it was mentioned in record company meetings before and after the Telecommunications Act of 1996 as a model for labels to divide and conquer hip-hop by aggressively separating emcees from producers and limiting the cohesion of the album format that came from the emcee-producer combination.
Now there was money for producers and emcees to go outside their groups and compete against their group's interests for financial success. I think Pete Rock & CL Smooth were a casualty of this 'cause
Illmatic dropped before
The Main Ingredient, then
Center of Attention gets shelved the following year and
It Was Written drops in 1996. Those four albums across '94 and '96 represent a development and rejection of certain content in hip-hop.
I don't think it was a coincidence
IWW was a mainstream hit for Nas when it dropped a couple months after the Telecommunications Act of 1996. As far as hip-hop concerned, I think
IWW and Nas's early career was a product of the '96 Act and showed the music industry was starting to get serious about profiting from hip-hop by elevating it to the mainstream. One emcee could now be boosted by the hottest producers at the time and have some of the hottest features and that was likely more cost effective for labels going forward. Columbia Records also had the
Harvard Report as a playbook to get into and market Black music.
What I'm tryna say is, Nas was the record label prototype for the hip-hop star. I think 2Pac was supposed to be that but became too much of a risk for labels even if he was still an influential factor on hip-hop aesthetics.
1994 was the last year of hip-hop for the sake of hip-hop. Afterward there was sustained label pressure for artists to have a hit single for radio, not a hit album for the culture. The Telecommunications Act of 1996 moved the conversation away from what was good for the culture to what was good for business and I think MC Serch alley oop'd that to Columbia with Nas.
FWIW, I think Jay-Z and Nas beefin' saved Nas from becomin' a casualty of industry.



I wasn't there.