For me the issue with cash payout reparations is that the mathematics of it don't work out. There's what, 45 million African Americans? So what's a reasonable amount? It can't be too low or else it wouldn't be adequate reparations for the crimes and the injustices African Americans have suffered over the hundreds of years. If you give a low payout then that's it, end of story, the government's hands are washed clean forever. Every time the question of addressing specifically black issues comes up, they're just gonna be like "we already paid reparations, what more can we do." The number has to be high because no government will make an African American agenda their priority for a long time if cash payout reparations is made. You have to keep the end game in mind, what happens after reparations? What's the next thing the government needs to provide? They likely won't do it for a long time.
So what's a reasonable number? Let's go with 100,000 for each individual. I think that's a fair amount, it's about two year's salary tax-free. It should be enough to justify the fact that no government will make addressing black issues a priority for the next several decades.
100,000 x 45 million = 4 500 000 000 000. That's $4.5 trillion in total.
The 2017 GDP of the US was $19.39 trillion. A reparations payout of 100,000 dollars each is almost 25% of the total annual GDP of the US. The problem is that total government revenues in 2017 was just 17.3% of GDP, $3.3 trillion. So the reparations payout would more than wipe out total government revenue for a single year, which means everything else - social security, medicare, medicaid, defense, transport, education, housing, and all other government expenditure - has to take a time out for a couple of years. It's not possible under the present tax schemes.
Now if you think a lower amount is acceptable then I would say you're mistaken because once reparations have been made the political will for addressing black issues will evaporate. Nothing is ever for free, reparations are a trade off. The cost you pay for reparations is that politically black issues will take a back seat. So you've got to make sure that your political capital is exchanged for a decent amount of money, otherwise you're being ripped off.
I think the best solution would be payments in cash and kind. So something like $100,000 in total value, but only $20,000 of it issued through cash. The rest can be made up through things like debt forgiveness, providing government jobs, awarding government contracts to black businesses, tax breaks for black families and businesses, guaranteed free or subsidised education and health care, and so on.