For example, why should a person that works full time 40 hours a week at McDonalds make less than let's say...an aerospace engineer working the same 40 hours?
Most people would say skill.
Well, skill is simply the ability to do something well.
Stress? Can anyone argue that being a McDonald's worker is NOT stressful?
No, we argue the ABILITY to complete a job is what causes the disparity in pay.
Now with that being said...why are some ABLE to excel in a field or job and others cannot?
Intellect.
It is discriminatory and despicable to limit a person's quality of life due to the glass ceiling they were naturally bestowed, just like any other factor.
That's why I am an advocate for socialism.
The US should be fashioned after its military which is ultimately a socialist institution. If you're an O5 medical doctor you get paid the exact same as an O5 warehouse manager. But I would go even further than that, I would remove the different grades and offer only a BASE PAY. All other expenses are paid for and accounted for, shelter, food allowance, clothing allowance and medical. Everything else someone can purchase from their base pay.
Socialism is the answer, Prove Me Wrong.
This is a great philosophical question, breh.
We're learning more and more every day that on top of intelligence being mostly genetically determined, that traits we associate with "personality" and believe to be malleable through self-improvement (things like conscientiousness, ability to focus, etc.) are somewhat (or even mostly) genetically determined as well.
Even things like your susceptibility to substance abuse have a significant genetic component - it isn't an accident that 10 people can try heroin or a cigarette or drink alcohol, but only 1 or 2 actually turn into junkies/chimneys/alcoholics.
So not only are your smarts dependent on your genetic makeup,
but so is your ability to put whatever smarts you've got to work.
I've always been a proponent of progressive taxation off the intelligence data alone.
But this new data on just how powerful a role genetics play in so many other human traits has me wondering if that's far enough.
What I can say is that knowledge of all this has made me far more empathetic to those struggling in life.