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Another big geographical factor in Africa's demise is its great size.

There has always been more than enough land and food in Africa to go around, so that the constant competition over resources that characterized life in Eurasia was absent in the Motherland.

The problem with this is...conflict and war are great eugenic agents. War leads to scientific and artistic innovation, cultural and linguistic consolidation due to assimilation, etc.

Without war, people become complacant. That's why you see groups in Africa that have practised the same hunter/gatherer lifestyle since the dawn of humanity.

The absence of war in African history is also why you have so much tribalism.

It's a real shame. Africa's bounty is a gift and a curse :francis:.
 

frankster

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1. You forgot a couple of important attributes. Time and isolation.
2. So what?
True

3. This just sounds like "I don't like the data thus It's not true."
TRUE....I do not like the data, personally think it just the modern wave scientific racism....political propaganda.

They have studied and compared loads of populations around the world. Unless you've got any credible evidence to the contrary about DNA studies then you're just arguing against the data available. The fact that you are conflating genotype with phenotype makes your 2nd and 3rd statements contradict each other.
Race is a social construct or convention.
Genes is biology
One really has nothing to do with other.
Humans beings are way more similar than they differ...that is like trying to find the Christian gene vis a vis the many other religious genes.

Simple as this. Phenotype =/= Genotype. Especially when it comes to skulls further back in the past.

phenotype
: the observable properties of an organism that are produced by the interaction of the genotype and the environment
Genotype
:the genetic constitution of an individual organism.

Skin colour is phenotype it can be observe by the naked eye, Melanin is the Gene it cannot be seen unaided....the difference lay in exposure to environment.
Race in North America today is based in Phenotype, among the many categories that is use to define Race, skin color stands pre-eminent. Melanin is the genetic marker for skin colour, all human beings have melanin except for (having little of none) Albinos, and albinos occur in every racial group. In other words their is no Race Gene (eugenics) - a gene that only one group of people share exclusively unto themselves.


i agree with this. However it still doesn't change the facts
It questions as to wether there are indeed facts if even science admits there own bias..... due to lack of proper sampling
80 per cent of their information comes from subset comprise 10 percent of the field



Yes. However, it doesn't tell us anything culturally or who that individual was related to.
And culture has a lot to do with Environment - Time and Place.
It tells us what they look like...phenotype the superficial differences between people that race is based on.



What a person looks like doesn't matter when it comes to who they relate to genetically, Or culturally.
Tell that to the dark skins brothers and sisters who are the sons and daughters of slave master, vis a vis their light skins brothers and sister who can "PASS" since the advent of the ideology of race became a political and social convent in any society.....it all about how you look not genes.



Just because humans originate in Africa and are all of African descent doesn't mean all histories and cultures are African.
Are they human????
That is the only race
Do we have humans who live in different place and so have superficial differences...yes

""A cat can have kittens in an oven, but that doesn't make them biscuits?"
Malcolm X
 
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Apollo Creed

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There is a theory that Africans sailed to the americas before Columbus, there were records of conversations with Indians in the Caribbean who spoke of being visited by black skinned people. There are also loose theories about the Olmec civilization being African. Of course none of this is proven given that Europeans have been de facto in charge of providing us with historical record, but I could see some African setting sail across the Atlantic on some YOLO shyt.

"black skin" doesn't = African though lol.
 

frankster

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"black skin" doesn't = African though lol.

True...just as white skin does not equate European.
Funny thing though when black skin can be tied to anything positive and constructive it is not African...but if it can be tied to anything negative or non progressive it is unquestionable African.
 

Swahili P'Bitek

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1. Terrain-Most African rivers are not navigable, this alone hindered development of naval technology thus reducing the capacity for trade /exploration in a region where horse rearing could not be easily practised (Sub-Saharan Africa) due to the tsetse fly.The thick forests and deserts did not make things any easier.
2.Africa's low population density robbed it of the chance to undergo an Agrarian revolution and subsequently an Industrial revolution as well as other socio-political developments before the Europeans set foot here.
3.Trade imbalance. This has been the trademark of our relationship with Europe and the rest of the world since the 1600s.
 
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